Save the tiger, before they are gone from the Earth for ever !
Save this beautiful creature !
Source of Image : www.earthweek.com
MYSQL Data Types
Feb 5
MYSQL is one of the most widely used RDBMS, used with PHP. To create efficient application, one cannot only optimism source code. You need to optimism Database too. To do so, you need to choose correct DATA TYPE for your fields.
So below is a list of data types for MySQL.
Type |
Size |
Description |
| CHAR[Length] | Length bytes | A fixed-length field from 0 to 255 characters long. |
| VARCHAR(Length) | String length + 1 bytes | A fixed-length field from 0 to 255 characters long. |
| TINYTEXT | String length + 1 bytes | A string with a maximum length of 255 characters |
| TEXT | String length + 2 bytes | A string with a maximum length of 65,535 characters. |
| MEDIUMTEXT | String length + 3 bytes | A string with a maximum length of 16,777,215 characters. |
| LONGTEXT | String length + 4 bytes | A string with a maximum length of 4,294,967,295 characters. |
| TINYINT[Length] | 1 byte | Range of -128 to 127 or 0 to 255 unsigned. |
| SMALLINT[Length] | 2 bytes | Range of -32,768 to 32,767 or 0 to 65,535 unsigned. |
| MEDIUMINT[Length] | 3 bytes | Range of -8,388,608 to 8,388,607 or 0 to 16,777,215 unsigned |
| INT[Length] | 4 bytes | Range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 or 0 to 4,294,967,295 unsigned |
| BIGINT[Length] | 8 bytes | Range of -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 or 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 unsigned |
| FLOAT | 4 bytes | A small number with a floating decimal point. |
| DOUBLE[Length, Decimals] | 8 bytes | A large number with a floating decimal point. |
| DECIMAL[Length, Decimals] |
Length +1 bytes or Length + 2 bytes |
A DOUBLE stored as a string, allowing for a fixed decimal point. |
| DATE | 3 bytes | In the format YYYY-MM-DD |
| DATETIME | 8 bytes | In the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS. |
| TIMESTAMP | 4 bytes | In the format YYYYMMDDHHMMSS; acceptable range ends in the year 2037. |
| TIME | 3 bytes | In the format of HH:MM:SS. |
| ENUM | 1 or 2 bytes | Short for enumeration, that is, each column can have one of several possible values. |
| SET | 1, 2, 3, 4, or 8 bytes | Like ENUM except that each column can have more than one of several possible values. |
Note: The square brackets [] indicate an optional parameter to be put in parentheses, while parentheses () indicate required arguments.
It seems that global slowdown made a shift in global economic power. Global consultancy firm PricewaterhouseCoopers believes that India has potential to become the world’s third largest economy by purchasing power parity, overtaking Japan in 2012.
If this happens, it would be almost 20 years ahead of Goldman Sachs’ projection of 2032 in its BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) report. The PwC report stated that even Indian economy is expected to grow faster that China after 2020. China was projected to become the world’s largest economy by 2041, now looks set to achieve the distinction sometime around 2020.
John Hawksworth, PwC Head of Macroeconomics said, “While the exact date is open to doubt, it seems highly likely that, by 2030, China will clearly be the largest economy in the world on PPP.”
According to a PwC report, the top 10 economies by 2030 will be China, the U.S, India, Japan, Brazil, Russia, Germany, Mexico, France and Britain. According to report, China is likely to be some way ahead of the U.S. by 2030. It is also predicted that China’s share in global GDP will be 19 percent by 2030, while the proportion for the U.S. and EU will be 16 percent and 15 percent, respectively.
Source : http://www.siliconindia.com
The Chinese managed to hack Google accounts of human activists and many businesses thanks to flaws in Microsoft’s Internet Explorer (IE) browser, according to reports Friday.
Google has threatened to close its operations and offices in China after hacking and “phishing” attempts to break into gmail accounts of US, China and Europe based Chinese human rights activists.
The company, which agreed to censor of Google.cn at its launch in 2006, has also said it is “no longer willing to continue censoring our results on Google.cn.”
Reports Friday quoted security researcher McAfee Inc. as saying that Chinese cyber attacks on Google accounts were engineered by using an unknown flaw in Microsoft’s Internet Explorer browser.
According to McAfee, ‘phishers’ fooled users into clicking on a link to a website. This website then secretly downloaded malicious software onto their computers. The spyware allowed the hackers to take remote control of the computers.
Microsoft has already admitted in its blog that IE browser might be used by hackers to remotely spy on infected computers. It is likely to unveil a software update for the browser.
“We need to take all cyber attacks, not just this one, seriously,” Microsoft Chief Executive Steve Ballmer told CNBC.
“We have a whole team of people that responds in very real time to any report that it may have something to do with our software, which we don’t know yet,” he said.
Google has said that “these accounts have not been accessed through any security breach at Google, but most likely via phishing scams or malware placed on the users’ computers.”
It says it will soon hold discussions the Chinese soon whether it can operate an unfiltered search engine. “We recognize that this may well mean having to shut down Google.cn, and potentially our offices in China,” Google warned in a blog Tuesday.
Source : http://www.siliconindia.com/
In a move to explore another type of device designed for computing on the go, Dell displayed a small slate computer that could hit the market this year. Dell’s slate has a 5-inch screen and runs on Google’s Android mobile operating system.
The company did not to provide other details of the gadget, or say definitively if it could be available in the market, reports Reuters. The slate and tablet PCs are very popular at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week, ahead of a highly anticipated device from Apple that is widely expected to be unveiled later this month.
Microsoft Chief Executive Steve Ballmer displayed a Hewlett-Packard’s slate that was considerably larger than Dell’s, which looked like a large smartphone. Michael Tatelman, Dell’s vice president of consumer sales and marketing, said the company is testing a number of different screen sizes as it pushes further into the mobile market. The company recently released its first smartphone, the Mini 3, which is on sale in China and Brazil, and will be available in the U.S. on AT&T’s network.
source : http://www.siliconindia.com/
The craze for the smartphones may be on all time high, but majority of the phones used around the world are still normal cheaper phones. According to data from the Nielsen Company, roughly 82 percent of cellphones in use are limited-function phones, the kind that typically sell for less than $50 or are given away with a two-year service contract.
Simple Phone
These simple phones, also called as feature phones are improving in quality and standard. “Feature phones are migrating away from the tiny screens that characterized their dominance in the era of the Motorola Razr,” said Ross Rubin, an industry analyst with the NPD Group, a market research company. “They have more sophisticated operating systems, touch screens and bigger screens.”
Sleek offerings from Samsung, LG and Motorola have attracted the attention of entrepreneurs and software companies hoping to market functions similar to those found on the iPhone. One phone, the LG Vu, for example, has a three-inch touch screen with “haptic feedback” so the user feels a response when tapping on the screen, a 2-megapixel camera and up to four gigabytes of external memory – enough to fit hundreds of additional applications.
Another, the Motorola Clutch, has a Web browser, support for GPS functions and is Bluetooth enabled. These phones typically come loaded with a simple suite of applications selected by the carrier, like puzzle games, a mobile e-mail application, a navigation application and an instant-messaging client. “These companies are trying to raise the bar from the lowest common denominator,” Rubin said.
One may think that majority of the developers are now focused on making applications for the app store of Nokia, Apple and others. But this fact may not be entirely tru considering the reach of smart phones as opposed to feature phones. So many companies have continued to make applications for feature phones. One such company, GetJar, offers about 60,000 applications for nearly 2,000 different mobile phones, including the Motorola Rokr. Feature phone users can find YouTube, Tetris, the restaurant locator Urbanspoon and a range of expense-tracking and calorie-counting apps. But just because consumers have simple cellphones doesn’t mean they don’t want Facebook, Wikipedia or a popular instant-messaging application like Nimbuzz on their phones, says Ilja Laurs, Chief Executive of GetJar, which is based in San Mateo, California, and Lithuania. “Everyone wants apps, but not everyone can afford an iPhone,” Laurs said. At the end of December 2009, the company said nearly 55 million applications were being downloaded each month, an increase of 260 percent from the period a year earlier. “We’re on track to hit a billion total downloads in about two months,” Laurs said.
“For every top 100 apps you hear about, there are literally tens of thousands of additional apps that never make it to any top lists because of the noisy environment of an app store,” he said. These niche applications, he said, have the potential for success on a site like GetJar, which caters to a broad set of phone users outside the iPhone or Android-powered system. About a third of GetJar’s traffic comes from smartphones, the company said, and the rest is from feature phones.
Alibaug Taluka, India – Close to a thousand villagers stood for hours in the formation of a life-size human windmill near Khidki village in Alibag, in what could well be the largest protest for renewable energy in India to date.
They were demanding that the Maharashtra Government drop plans to build 10,000MW coal-fired thermal power plants in the region and explore renewable energy instead. The villagers said they were committed to fight the acquisition of their fertile land for coal-based power plants.
“We believe that the energy planned from these coal plants is dirty. It can come instead from clean alternatives like wind and solar energy, and by using energy more efficiently. We will not give up our land and our future to these mega power plants that will pollute our air, land, and water. We will not allow them to ruin our children’s future by adding to the problem of climate change,” said Dr Vishnu P. Mhatre of the Naugaon Sangharsh Samiti, one of the organisations fighting for clean energy here.
The community is opposing plans to set up thermal power plants over 8,500 acres of fertile land. The companies involved are the Tata Power Company Limited (1,200MW) and the Maharashtra Energy Generation Limited, a Reliance subsidiary, (4,000MW) at Shahpur in Alibag. The Patni group (500MW) and the Ispat group (2,000MW) want to set up their plants in the adjacent Medekhad Khadi.
For more than four years, the villagers have been resisting attempts by the government and the companies to acquire their land. “We do not oppose production of energy. But, we strongly demand that the Government of India change its energy pathway and move towards decentralised renewable energy, which will be used locally for agro-based industries and domestic needs,” said Satish Londhe, a resident of Alibag and state coordinator of the Shramik Mukti Dal.
To prove their solution-oriented approach, the citizens later joined in setting up a wind station. Admiral Ramdas, a Magsaysay awardee and a resident of Alibag, inaugurated the “Citizens’ Wind Monitoring Station” where the residents would record the area’s wind potential through an anemometer. This would show that the region has huge potential for wind energy, and challenge the government’s inaction in investing in alternate energies.
“Policymakers in the central and state governments need to explore the possibility of renewable resources like the wind, the sun, and other agents before rushing to coal for energy. In the current environment of global concern over climate change, we must also look critically at the operational efficiency of our power plants and increase energy efficiency in all sectors. This will ensure a dramatic reduction in our energy demand,” Ramdas asserted.
Maitree Dasgupta, Climate Campaigner with Greenpeace India, said: “This protest is a sign of popular opposition fomenting against coal in India, which will only grow. This not a fight against growth or development. It is just the opposite. It is a fight for building energy infrastructure for the future instead of relying on dinosaur technologies. India can get 35% of its power from renewable energy by 2030. We have the ability and technical capacity; we only need the political will.”
Greenpeace India is demanding that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh put in place a National Renewable Energy Bill no later than 2010, which would enable a shift towards a more sustainable energy pathway. This implies that the draft bill be made public this year for debate before placing it for parliamentary approval. It would also provide a framework for the Solar Mission and show that India is serious about the mission. More than 50,000 Indians have already signed Greenpeace India petitions demanding a response on this from Manmohan Singh.
Source : http://greenidol.in/news-blog/biggest-demo-in-india-for-clean-energy/
With the markets soaring towards recovery, IT companies have started hiring again. A quick survey of the recruiting trends has revealed that amidst the hiring spree Java programmers are gaining the edge over .Net professionals. Though, this trend has been present in the market for quite some time, the cost-cutting factor has led companies to prefer Java programmers more. “Java is more in demand because it is open source, which is comparatively cheaper than using .Net, so companies have started adopting Java,” says Anuj Agrawal, Director of Zyoin.
The flexibility that Java brings through its open source framework, has made it more popular. .NET in its complete form can only be installed on computers running a Microsoft Windows operating system, whereas Java can be installed on computers running any operating systems such as Linux, Solaris, Mac OS or Windows.
Rishi Das, Co-founder and CEO of CareerNet Consulting feels that the increase in the number of online startups is also fueling the demand for Java programmers. “Java is in demand because there are more companies developing user interface and web applications for their clients. The rise in popularity of software as a service (SAAS) model is also giving the edge to the Java professionals,” he says. Das also adds that only major players like Dell, Sapient, Citrix and MindTree are hiring .Net professionals because they have been using the Microsoft platform for a long time now.
Though, the trend shows that Java programmers are gaining over their .Net counterparts, there are some who feel that there are verticals where .Net has its own advantage. “Though there is an equal demand for both Java and .Net programmers, our clients in verticals like BFSI and telecom still prefer .Net,” says Namitha Vyas, Team Integrator at an IT recruitment firm.
Source : http://www.siliconindia.com
Google, a new addition to the report, scores 32/100 while Microsoft and Nokia score just 22/100 and 20/100 respectively in the 2nd edition of the Cool IT (1) report card. IBM, HP (Hewlett Packard) and Fujitsu occupy the top three places but none of the companies in the report scored even 50/100. Key scoring criteria include, clear public support for strong emissions reductions along with a company’s measurable, economy-wide climate solutions while reducing its own emissions.
The Smart 2020 report (2), commissioned by the IT industry itself, clearly outlines how IT solutions have the potential to cut global GHG emissions 15 percent by 2020.
Microsoft has relative emission reduction targets as opposed to absolute reductions. Google has set out a plan for reducing emissions by 2030 but has not spoken on the need for a strong global climate deal at Copenhagen. “Google’s position as a climate leader is considerably undermined as one of the few leading technology companies not to disclose even its own greenhouse gas emissions”, said Abhishek Pratap, Toxics and Energy campaigner, Greenpeace.
IBM maintains top spot on the leader board due to an extensive range of climate solutions and actions to reduce its own emissions. But it fails to make significant advocacy efforts towards global emission reduction targets. The biggest movers in this edition are HP and Toshiba, who show strong progress by providing more comprehensive information on how their technology solutions can reduce global emissions.
Nokia had the highest renewable energy use and target among the brands surveyed but the company did not move toward support for global emission reduction. “CEOs of globally leading companies such as Nokia and Microsoft cannot afford to remain silent on the most urgent issue facing the planet”, said Vinuta Gopal, Climate & Energy Campaigner, Greenpeace. “The ICT sector must not only cut its own emissions but must also deliver on its potential to provide far-reaching climate business solutions. Leaders of the sector must publicly call on their governments to put emission reduction targets in place”, she added.
Indian companies have made significant moves on climate action by disclosing externally verified carbon emission, setting targets for emission reduction and uptake of renewable energy (3) “Indian ICT major Wipro’s disclosure of carbon emissions and commitment to absolute reduction targets contrasts starkly against Google and Microsoft’s relative inaction on climate solutions before the Copenhagen Climate summit”, said Pratap.
Source : http:// http://www.greenpeace.org/india
Google’s Chromium group has announced an effort to replace the traditional HTTP web browser language with a new protocol that supposedly boosts Internet browsing by up to 55 percent. HTTP currently is the protocol used by all web servers and browsers, hence the “http” in front of web addresses. But, as noted by Ars Technica, HTTP becomes inefficient when transferring many small files on many modern websites, according to Popsci.
By contrast, Google’s cleverly named SPDY protocol can compress and handle the individual requests via one connection that’s SSL-encrypted. That allows higher-priority files to slip through immediately without becoming backed up behind large files.
SPDY has shown up to 55 percent web page loading when tested under lab conditions, and the Google team has released their source code for public feedback.
But Ars Technica raises some points of caution about the mandatory SSL encryption requiring more processing power from small devices and computers alike. Requiring SSL could also worsen the problem where server operators neglect SSL encryption and unintentionally encourage people to ignore warnings about unsecured websites.
Still Google’s team recognizes these problems and has already proposed workaround solutions. An open approach has already proven a smashing success on Google’s Android operating system, but redesigning the Internet’s architecture will undoubtedly prove trickier in the days to come.
Source : http://www.siliconindia.com